EVALUATION OF DENTAL CHANGES AFTER MINI-IMPLANT ASSISTED RAPID MAXILLARY EXPANSION IN YOUNG ADULTS: CBCT STUDY.

This study was carried out to evaluate dental changes in young adult patients with maxillary transverse deficiency by the MSE II appliance, via cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). A total of 24 patients (12 females and 12 males) with transverse maxillary deficiency were treated with MSE II (Biomaterials Korea, Inc., Seoul, Korea). They were aged 17 to 22. The MSE II device is composed of a central expansion screw and four tubes that guide the mini-implants. Mini implants measure 1.8mm in diameter and 13mm in length. The extended length of the mini-implants allows bicortical engagement of the palatal and nasal floor, reducing expansion force on the anchored teeth. Activation of the appliance varied with the patient's chronological age. We captured pretreatment CBCT scans (T1), and immediately post-expansion CBCT scans (T2). Measurements were performed to evaluate the dental effect after expansion. Within the limits of this study there is a significant increase in intermolar and interpremolar distance (IMD-IPD) and a significant change in the buccolingual inclination of maxillary first molar and maxillary first premolar for both sides right and left, however, the study shows there is no significant difference between males and females in the result for measurements after expansion. MARPE appliances, such as the MSE II, can be used to manage transverse maxillary deficiency in young adult patients while causing minimal dent alveolar side effects.

EFFECT OF CHICKEN EGGSHELL PASTE ON ENAMEL SURFACE MICROHARDNESS AND COLOUR CHANGE OF ARTIFICIAL CARIOUS LESIONS CREATED ON PERMANENTLY EXTRACTED TEETH.

Remineralizing agents such as fluoride and hydroxyapatite (HA) (Ca5 (po4)3OH) are well-known treatment choices for incipient enamel lesions. Hydroxyapatite has been newly presented to return the color of such enamel lesions. The purpose of this prospective in vitro study was to compare commercial sodium fluoride paste to hydroxyapatite paste (HA) made from chicken eggshells powder (CESP) in terms of how it affected the microhardness and color of the enamel surface of artificially demineralized permanent teeth. Fifty healthy maxillary premolars were gathered, decoronated, and the crowns were placed in acrylic moulds with the buccal enamel surfaces exposed. Baseline microhardness evaluation was done for the baseline group, while the colour assessment was done at baseline to three treatment groups. Then specimens were randomly divided into the following five groups (n = 10) based on the treatment of enamel surface: Group 1: Baseline group; Group 2: Acid group demineralized only; Group 3: demineralized followed by the application of hydroxyapatite paste (HA); Group 4: demineralized followed by the application of sodium fluoride toothpaste (Naf); and Group 5: demineralized followed by application of combination treatments (HA paste at morning and Naf paste at evening. The specimens were stored in deionized water at room temperature during treatments, after one week they were subjected to a Vickers microhardness test, and colour assessment to three treatment groups after treatment. One­way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc multiple comparison tests were used for statistical analysis (P < 0.05). After artificial demineralization, the enamel's surface microhardness was greatly reduced, and after management, it dramatically increased. The combination group had the greatest mean microhardness value when compared to the HA paste group and the Naf paste group. Statistically, there was no significant variance in microhardness values among the Naf paste and HA paste groups. Hydroxyapatite sourced from chicken eggshell was as effective as Naf paste in remineralizing and restoring the lost microhardness of artificially demineralized enamel, hydroxyapatite paste changed tooth color, while sodium fluoride paste, a combination group neither changed nor masked color of early caries lesion.